Tank Blanketing System
In refineries & chemicals plants explosive hazards occur if air enters tanks containing volatile flammable liquid during pumping operation. When liquid is removed from a tank or an ambient temperature reduces, vacuum may develop.
Working Principles of Upstream Regulators
Performance : We can plot the performance of an ideal upstream regulator such that no matter how the accumulation / relief Flow requirement changes, regulator will match that relief Flow required (within it’s capacity limits) with no change in the upstream controlled pressure (p1). This straight line performance becomes the ideal against which one can measure the performance of an actual - real upstream regulator.
Working Principles of Downstream Regulators
Performance : We can plot the performance of an ideal regulator such that no matter how the Flow consumption / demand changes, regulator will match that Flow consumption / demand (within it’s capacity limits) with no change in the downstream controlled pressure(p2). This straight line performance becomes the ideal against which one can measure the performance of an actual - real regulator.
Different Types of Regulators
DOWNSTREAM PRESSURE CONTROL VALVES (Pressure Regulators / Pressure Reducing Valves) : Self-Actuated Pressure Control Valves, which control pressure at its outlet, are known as Self actuated downstream pressure control valves /Pressure Reducing Valves / Pressure Regulators. These valves regulate its outlet pressure near to the desired set point, irrespective of variation in flow through the valve and variation in inlet pressure.
Self Actuated Pressure Control Valve
Self-actuated pressure control valves serve to maintain an adjustable set-point pressure within certain levels in pipelines or vessels (tanks). They are self-actuating i.e. do not feature additional auxiliary energy such as pneumatic air or electricity to operate. They are preferably used to control the pressure of fluids, gases and vapours in industrial, foodstuffs and pharmaceutical plants.